Anatomy and Physiology of The Ear
What is The Ear?
The ear is the organ of Hearing and Balance. The Part of The Ear Include
External Ear
* Pinna
* Auditory canal or tube
* Tympanic Membrane
Middle Ear
*Ossicle
(1) malleus
(2) Incus
(3) Stapes
*Eustachian tube
Innernal Ear
* Cochlea
* Vestibule
* Semicircular Canals
Describe to All Parts
External Ear
Pinna
:-This is the outside part of the ear.
Auditory canal or tube
:-This is the tube that connects the outer ear to the inside or middle ear.
Tympanic Membrane
:-The tympanic membrane divides the external ear from the middle ear.
Middle Ear
Ossicle
:-Three small bones that are connected and transmit the sound waves to the inner ear. The bones are called:
(1) malleus
(2) Incus
(3) Stapes
Eustachian tube
:- A canal that links the middle ear with the back of the nose. The eustachian tube helps to equalize the pressure in the middle ear. Equalized pressure is needed for the proper transfer of sound waves. The eustachian tube is lined with mucous, just like the inside of the nose and throat.
Innernal Ear
Cochlea
:-This contains the nerves for hearing.
Vestibule
:-This contains receptors for balance.
Semicircular Canals
:-This contains receptors for balance.
Lecture Video:- click here
How do you hear?
Hearing starts with
the outer ear. When a sound is made outside the outer ear, the sound waves, or
vibrations, travel down the external auditory canal and strike the eardrum
(tympanic membrane). The eardrum vibrates. The vibrations are then passed to 3
tiny bones in the middle ear called the ossicles. The ossicles amplify the
sound. They send the sound waves to the inner ear and into the fluid-filled
hearing organ (cochlea).
Once the sound
waves reach the inner ear, they are converted into electrical impulses. The
auditory nerve sends these impulses to the brain. The brain then translates
these electrical impulses as sound.
Pharmasict :
Mr. Karan Kumar Haldar
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